Blaine Whipple, Portland, Oregon. December 2008

In response to requests for additional details on the historical volume on the Matthew Whipple set of books, I offer the following.

A readable family history must be more than a collection of names, dates, and places. Consequently, this history presents the context of specific lives. It includes the history of the times in which our ancestors lived, the food they ate, the medical care they received, the amusements they enjoyed, the housing they lived in, the work they did, the education they received, the books they read, their religious practices, how they dressed and furnished their homes, what their towns and farms were like, what the weather was like, what the countryside looked, felt, smelled, and sounded like.

SYNOPSIS of 15 Generations of Whipples Descendants of Matthew Whipple of Ipswich, Massachusetts Abt 1590-1647 AN AMERICAN STORY

Chapter 1 is a brief history describing life in England from the mid 1560 to approximately 1640 and includes religious practices and the rising Puritan movement which I believe motivated the Whipple’s move to New England. [21 pages; 140 endnotes.]

Chapter 2 describes Essex County and the history of Bocking beginning with the Doomsday Survey 0f 1086 when it was one of 13,418 places listed. [10 pages; 117 endnotes.]

Chapter 3. Matthew Whipple, Sr. (Ca 1560-1618-19). Parish records from Bocking’s St. Mary’s Church and Matthew’s will are the source of the family information. Bocking’s chief industry was cloth making and the Puritan movement was flowering in Essex County. Matthew was a successful Clothier and a description of the industry is presented along with a discussion of what Puritan influences, practices, and Archbishop Laud of Canterbury’s efforts to enforce absolute conformity to the state church had on the Whipple’s decision to move to New England. [25 pages; 135 endnotes.]

Chapter 4 is a review of books published in the 1600s said about life in New England, who should make the move, what they should bring with them, what life would be like, and what to expect on the sea voyage is discussed. A brief history of New England with emphasis on Ipswich and Hamilton where the Whipples settled follows. [11 pages; 78 endnotes.]

Chapter 5 presents an overview of New England discussing how the various colonies were founded and elements affecting life for the period 1630-1750. It describes apparel, housewares, modes of transportation, childbirth, etc. It looks at religious diversity while concentrating on the Puritanism practiced by the Whipple families. It examines government, explains how land was granted, currency generated, and the Indian problem resolved; how schools were organized and foreign trade developed; and who besides the English settled the various colonies. It includes the Freeman’s Oath, the Resident’s Oath, the Oath of Fidelity, and the Church Covenant. [26 pages; 226 endnotes.]

Chapter 6 includes the history of Ipswich and Hamilton, noting the mention of what became Ipswich in Capt. John Smith’s 1608 History of Virginia and his landing there in 1614. It discusses the relationship with the Agawam Indian tribe, purchase of the land from Musconominot, Sagamore of Agawam, June 28, 1638, the year the Whipples arrived; information on early merchants; establishment of the school; use of the Commons; purchase of Plumb Island; residents who assumed colony-wide obligations; church services, etc. [21 pages; 154 endnotes.]

Chapter 7. Matthew, Jr. [ca 1590-1647] and Ann (Hawkins ca 1604-ca 1643) Whipple. This begins the American story. The reader learns of the first grants of land to the Whipple brothers on September 1, 1638, the town’s population, that they were among the 43 families to arrive in 1638; about the great snow storm of December 15 – the worst storm the English had known up to that time –, the March 1639 storm that overturned houses, the drought that began April 26; description of everyday life, tradesmen, crops raised, service on committees, etc. Matthew’s will and estate inventory, which shows that the family home was a veritable arsenal with three muskets, three pair of bandoleers, three swords, two rests; a fowling piece, a coslett, pike and a rapier; a halberd, and bill, is included. [14 pages; 130 endnotes.]

Chapter 8. Joseph Whipple [ca 1640-ca 1708]. The first of the family to be born in the American colonies. His birth and death dates are unconfirmed but it is believed he was born ca 1640 and died between November 20, 1708 and May 7, 1709 dates he deeded his Ipswich homestead to his son James and when his widow Sarah gave up her dower to the land. He was a Freeman and on a list of Ipswich Commoners in February 1678. He witnessed wills, inventoried estates, served on the Jury of Trials, and the Jury of Inquest. He lived during the reign of King William and Queen Mary, constitutional monarchs, when the long-held understanding of the “Divine Rights of Kings” gave way to notions of a constitutionally limited monarchy. He was twice married, both wives given names were Sarah, maiden names unknown, and had 11 children. [8 pages; 28 endnotes.]

Chapter 9. Jonathan [1679-1757] and Frances (Edwards 1682-1757) Whipple. They were married in Ipswich in 1702 and lived at the Hamlet (later Hamilton). The family moved to Westborough ca 1732. Jonathan’s brother James moved to Grafton and brother John to Sutton, neighboring towns, about the same time. A farmer and corn miller, Jonathan was a Selectman and Town Moderator. They were neighbors to Rev. Ebenezer Parkman and Jonathan often mediated disputes between Parkman and various parishioners. Information on New England’s “awakening” in the 1740s – revival meetings that caused increased church memberships. They saw the largest comet most people had ever seen (New Years day 1744) , experienced the earthquake on Sunday June 3 of that year described as shaking “exceedingly, tossing and wrecking as if all nature would fall to pieces” and the November 18, 1755 quake, described as New England’s “most destructive quake to date.” They also experienced Parliament’s date change when they went to bed Wednesday September 2, 1752 and woke up Thursday September 14. Jonathan’s will is included. [10 pages; 87 endnotes].

Chapter 10. Francis [ca 1705-1787] and Abigail (Lamson 1708-1799) Whipple. Francis became one of Westborough’s leading citizens, spending 26 years in public service and was a leader in church affairs. He was Town Treasurer, Selectman, Moderator, Clerk, Justice of the Peace, and Representative to the General Court and was addressed as Mister and Esquire. He served nine terms in the legislature including 1765 when Parliament passed the Stamp Act. A description of Boston, activities generated by the French and Indian War, depreciated value of Bills of Credit, and issues before the nine legislative sessions he attended including the Molasses Act, the Sugar Act, and the Acts of Trade passed by Parliament, are included. Other activities leading up to the Revolutionary War are discussed in some detail. Photographs of Francis and Abigail made from portraits painted when in their middle ages are in the book. [35 pages; 230 endnotes.]

Chapter 11. Benjamin [1727-1806] and Hepzibah (Crosby 1727-1797) Whipple joined the Separatists Church in Hardwick, Massachusetts before pioneering in Bennington, Vermont in 1761 where they were members of the first church organized in Vermont. He served as Selectman, Moderator, Constable, Justice of the Peace, Fence-viewer, Tithingman, Highway Surveyor, Deerriff, on the Schoolwright committee, as a first corporal in the Bennington Militia, and on the committee to draft the Bennington Declaration for Freedom before the Battle of Lexington and Concord in 1775. A copy of the latter, which demanded that American colonists be given all the rights of Englishmen in England, is in the book He also obtained the title of Esquire in Bennington.

The family moved to Whipple Hollow in Rutland County about the time Vermont became an independent state in 1777. He became a Justice of the Peace there ca 1779, was listed fourth in the Rutland freeholder list in 1780, elected Selectman in 1782, served as Pro-Ten Clerk, and was Assistant (side) Judge for several sessions before serving five consecutive terms in the Vermont General Assembly when it functioned as an independent country. Information on his legislative activity is included. He had extensive Revolutionary War experience and is on payrolls for seven alarms and as Muster Master between 1777 and 1782. [28 pages; 193 endnotes.]

Chapter 12. Nehemiah [1750-1809] and Sarah (Robert ca 1752-1812) Whipple. Nehemiah, the oldest son of Benjamin and Hepzibah, moved to Rutland County in 1773, attracted by its virgin soil, abundance of water power, standing timber and plentiful game. Descriptions of farm life, home conditions, clothing, cheese making, tapping maple trees and “sugaring off” festivities, the old custom of husking, quilting, apple or paring bees, the month-long mourning period following President George Washington’s death, the terrible winters of 1803-04 and 1811-12, etc. are included. Nehemiah’s Revolutionary War service in 1778, 1779, 1780, his many land transactions, and his efforts to organize the Orange Parish are documented. Pictures of Whipple Hollow Cemetery where Nehemiah and family members and eight Revolutionary War veterans are buried are in the book. [13 pages; 68 endnotes.]

Chapter 13. Enoch [1788-1857] and Catharine (Shaw 1798-1865) Whipple. Enoch began the westward migration of the family, moving to Licking County, Ohio to begin a farming career in 1813. The move to the Ohio territory was epic, deciding the nation’s destiny was westward. Going to the new country was among the most thrilling and attainable things a young man could do and New Englanders left for Ohio in an almost continuous line of wagons.

As an early Ohio pioneer, he was a beneficiary of the “Measurement that Built America.” The Northwest Ordinance of 1785 required land to be surveyed into a grid of squares of townships of 36 square miles and divided into 36 sections and sold at auction. Between October 19. 1813 and October 14, 1815, Enoch bought three separate parcels of 100 acres each in Hartford Township, paying $1 an acre for the first parcel (lot 29), $1.50 an acre for the second (lot 25), and labor for the third (lot 32). The last purchase was nine months after his marriage to Catharine and the labor was to clear and fence 12 acres for the seller. This chapter describes how land was cleared, cabins, barns, fences, a well house, woodshed, corn cribs, henhouse, pigpen, smokehouse, root cellar, and dog house were built. The early years were difficult. By 1816 a nationwide bank problem devastated the frontier settlers as did the corn and wheat crisis in 1819 and 1820.

After moving the family to Eugene, Vermillion County, Indiana in 1840, Enoch worked as a cooper building barrels, casks, and kegs for the thriving pork business there. The pork was barged to New Orleans and from there to the eastern ports of the U.S., Europe, or any place a sailing ship could go. As a major supplier of smoked pork, Eugene’s name was known in European cities for that product. During these years, Elias Howe showed off his amazing new sewing machine, the first telegraph line was strung between Baltimore and Washington, D.C., and dentist William Morton administered ether in its use as an anesthetic. The Mexican War had been won which added 1.2 million square miles of territory and extended the country’s domain to the Pacific. The country was a nation of 28 states with a population, including Indians and slaves, of less than 20 million. The effective western border was a line north and south from Wisconsin to Louisiana. The land west of that was known as the Great American Desert. [21 pages; 155 endnotes.]

Chapter 14. Lucien R. “Lute” [1834-1904] and Sarah (Sheward 1835-1898) Whipple. As many as 500 flatboats left Eugene for the 1,000-mile trip to New Orleans every spring loaded with barrels of smoked pork. Lute was a crew members for the four to six week trip made during high water and frequently raging floods. Snags, floating trees, violent storms, and other unexpected emergencies required the 6-man crews to man the oars with all their strength. Wages were $2.50 a day.

By the fall of 1859, events that led to the Civil War were evolving. In February 1860, Sen. Jefferson Davis of Mississippi introduced Resolutions to allow slavery in the Territories and to require the government to protect slave-holders already there. In 1860, Regular Democrats adopted an anti-slavery platform and nominated Sen. Stephen Douglas of Illinois for President; a convention of southern Democrats nominated Vice President John C. Breckenridge and adopted a pro-slavery platform; and Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln and adopted a platform to allow slavery in the states and to prohibit it in the Territories. The main campaign issues were slavery and sectionalism. Lincoln won with a plurality of popular votes and a majority of Electoral College votes.

Forces were at work that would forever alter Lute’s future. A State Convention in South Carolina voted to secede from the Union in December. Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana, in that order, voted in January and Texas in February 1861 to leave the Union. The seceded states convened February 8 and adopted a Provisional Constitution which allowed slavery and elected Jefferson Davis President of the Confederate States of America February 9, 1861. After his inauguration March 4, Lincoln vowed to uphold the Union. The Civil War began April 12 when Southern forces fired on Fort Sumter in the harbor at Charleston, S. C.

On July 29, 1862, 28-year-old Lute, 5′ 9″ tall, with a dark complexion and black hair and eyes, enlisted and on August 18 was mustered in Company K of the 71st Indiana Infantry as a corporal. Sarah, almost 27, sons James 5, Edmond, 4, Frank 2, and daughters Clara, age unknown, and Anna, a newborn, were left without a husband and father for the next three years. During these years Lute served in Alabama, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee and engaged in two campaigns, four battles, and countless skirmishes, engagements, operations, and combats. He was captured by Gen. John H. Morgan and his Raiders in December 1862 at Muldraugh Hill in Kentucky and after being patrolled returned to service with the Army of the Ohio. By then the 71st had been converted to a Cavalry organization and designated the 6th Indiana Cavalry. Information on all these engagements are in the book.

Following the war he farmed in the Eugene area until cheap farm land in Kansas lured the family to a farm in Miami County, Kansas in December 1868. Life in Kansas was harsh. Summer temperatures often exceeding 100̊ degrees, winter temperatures of 20̊ below and blizzards with blinding snow followed by spring tornadoes, plus the howls of wolf packs roaming the plains at night, and summer prairie fires threatening their home were hard on Sarah and the kids. After two growing season, Lute sold the farm and the family returned to Eugene where he became a Patent Right Agent. Later he operated a meat market, was town Marshall, conducted the federal census, helped construct the Eugene covered bridge, built the Whipple school, and served as Colonel of the Eugene Chapter of the Grand Army of the Republic.

Lute and Sarah lived during some of the greatest changes in the country: The buffalo disappeared, slavery was abolished, electricity was put to use, the telephone was developed, the telegraph system completed, the economy became continent wide, a national stock market was organized, travel from New York to San Francisco went from a period of months to a week, the microphone, essential to radio, television, recording, and public speaking, was invented, motion pictures revolutionized the entertainment industry, machinery to improve agriculture was developed, etc. Lute lived during the administration of 18 U.S. Presidents beginning with Andrew Jackson and ending with Theodore Roosevelt. [28 pages; 124 endnotes.]

Chapter 15. James E. [1857-1914] and Ellen (Thompson 1859-1918) Whipple. Jim’s working life began as a clerk in a Bethel, Illinois drug store. In those days, only drugs patent medicines, and toilet articles were sold. He and Ellen were married April 7, 1881 in Georgetown, Vermilion County, Illinois and began housekeeping in Eugene where he was a bookkeeper and a Notary Public. There were no chain grocery stores with smart packaged goods, frozen food cases, bakeries, large produce and meat sections, and all the other items we associate today with supermarkets. H.O Peters General Store had a large area of counters with wooden bins filled with tea, coffee, dried peaches, beans, rice, dried peas, cornmeal, flour, prunes, oatmeal, dried apples, etc. Salt, pepper, cinnamon, cloves, allspice, and nutmegs were kept in smaller receptacles. Everything was sold in bulk. A row of tubs or kegs, tipped forward for easy access, was in front of the counter. They held butter, pickles, salt mackerel, fine cut chewing tobacco, etc. Cheese was in a cage of fine wire netting. The shelves near the front window held rows of glass canisters with tin covers, full of stick candy, stick licorice, peppermint candies, chocolate drops, and gum drops. Cracker barrels were at the back of the store. Each purchase involved a distinct operation. A sheet of paper was laid on a scale and the item was weighed, wrapped, and tied with a string. Pickles, butter, and other moist products were ladled into a small wood boat, a piece of thin paper stuck on top, and wrapped like the rest. Molasses and vinegar were drawn into the customer’s own brown jugs and plugged with a corn cob; light brown for vinegar, dark for molasses. Flies covered the gallon measure beneath the spigot of the molasses barrel. Meat was sold separate from the general store and came from slaughter houses on the edge of town. Chickens had to be plucked and cleaned before they could be cooked. There was no baking powder or granulated sugar and coffee was bought and roasted in a dripping pan.

Jim’s newspaper career began before 1887 as a reporter for the weekly Clinton, Ind. Argus and he later founded the Cayuga, Ind. Journal and the Sidell, Ill. Journal before moving the family to Vinton, Iowa in 1888. Vinton was the home of many Whipple relatives who had settled there in 1854. He purchased W. P. Whipple & Co., a real estate firm, from his cousin who was one of the county’s leading attorneys. He changed the name to J. E. Whipple & Co. and brokered the sale and exchange of real estate and personal property. He expanded the business to include mortgage brokerage and insurance and in 1892 purchased two competing businesses. He became Vinton City Clerk and Water Commissioner in 1893 and the first Superintendent of the Electric Light and Water Works System in 1896. He served three terms as Chairman of the Benton County Republican Central Committee and revitalized the Party winning all county offices except one. In November 1896, he was elected County Recorder with a majority of 600 votes. President McKinley defeated Democratic Congressman William Jennings Bryan for President that fall.

After the battleship USS Maine was blown up in Havana Harbor February 15, 1898, Jim resigned as Recorder and joined Co. G, 49th Regiment, Iowa National Guard as Quartermaster Sergeant. The Regiment was one of nine Regiments in the Third Brigade, Second Division of the Seventh Army Corps stationed at Camp Cuba Libre in Jacksonville, Florida. The Vinton Eagle hired him to write a weekly report on activities of the Regiment. His first report was published June 18 and the last May 12, 1899.

He wrote about daily routines, weather, recreational activities, and food, its reassignment to Cuba in December, impressions of the country, the people, duties of the Regiment, and return to Vinton May 15, 1899 where they were greeted by 7,000 and feted “at the grandest reception ever recorded in Benton County.” In 1903 he self-published Story of the Forty-Ninth, a history of the Regiment’s service during the Spanish-American war. A copy resides in the Library of Congress. He purchased The Benton County Review in Vinton in March 1900 which he published until February 1907 when the national financial panic forced him to sell.

During Jim and Ellen lives, campaigns were started to clean up water supplies and raw sewage, State Boards of Health and Centers for Disease Control were established, masses of people were vaccinated for a variety of diseases, allegiance to the flag was first pledged, Congress authorized a national currency, women were permitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court, Edison invented the electric light, the Statute of Liberty was dedicated, six states were admitted to the Union, the Department of Commerce and Labor was created, the Wright Brothers first flight occurred, the Panama Canal Zone was acquired, Robert Perry discovered the North Pole, and the Meat Inspection and Pure Food and Drug Acts were passed. [75 pages; 239 endnotes.]

Chapter 16. Lucien Blaine Whipple (1883-1954) and (1) Lillian Neva Lefebre (1888-1941) Whipple and (2) Pearl Julia Scott (1905-1988) Whipple. Known by his middle name, Blaine was a professional actor, newspaper editor and publisher, State Printer of North Dakota, Chamber of Commerce Executive, and active in a variety of civic and political organizations.

He was born in Eugene, Indiana and educated in Vinton where he completed elementary and secondary school and was graduated from Tillford Collegiate Academy. His primary school books are listed along with a description of a typical school day.

He joined Co. G 49th Infantry of the Iowa National Guard as a private at age 16 and was honorably discharged July 4, 1915 as a Second Lieutenant. He acquired his first automobile in 1908, 12 years after brothers Charles and Frank Duryea built and sold 13 automobiles (2 seats and 2-cylinder 6 horse-power engine) inaugurating America’s automobile industry.

He began his professional show business career at age 20 with the James-Younger Wild West Show which featured Frank James and Cole Younger, the bank robbers, who following their parole from prison, decided to cash in on their notoriety. This was followed by several years acting with Dramatic and Stock Companies throughout the Midwest, Upper Midwest, and the Rocky Mountains.

Stock companies performed in towns with Opera Houses along the main rail lines. The companies prepared several plays so they could present up to six different plays a week. Blaine had a photographic memory and learned all parts and frequently played three or four parts a night, standing in for ill actors. The companies carried their own props and costumes and the same four sets were used for every play. The footlights were kerosene lamps which were used as late as 1929 in towns without electricity. Modern plumbing was unknown and the actors had to dress and apply makeup in cold discomfort and undress and wash in the same way. They were provided a bowl and a pitcher for washing and a slop pail for dirty water and a comfort station.

After his marriage to Lillian Neva Lefebre December 18, 1908, the family moved to Marceline, Missouri where he edited and published the Marceline Herald. He returned to show business in September 1923 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa where he managed the Majestic Theater, one of the top ranking Orpheum Circuit Vaudeville Houses. Stars like Will Rogers, Buster Keaton, Al Jolson, Jack Benny, Fred Allen, Ed Wynn, and Houdini frequently filled its 1,434 seats.

President Theodore Roosevelt called Chautauqua “the most important American thing in America.” Chautauqua was an annual week-long summer event held in most mid-western towns. Programs included something for all ages. Morning performances had a “story-lady” and talent pageants for the children. Magicians, folk-music, and temperance lectures entertained the women and older children in the afternoon. The evening featured drama, classical music, and “famous-name lecturers” for adults. There were three lecture types: the Challenge, the Informative, and the Inspirational. Religion, temperance, and politics were the most popular subjects. William Jennings Bryan, three-time Democratic Presidential nominee, was the most popular speaker in the country. Towns asked for him over and over again. Blaine managed his appearances with the Redpath Vawter Chautauqua Circuit in 1924.

Blaine and Lillian were divorced in 1926 and he and Pearl J. Scott were married September 21, 1927 in Albion, Nebraska. He was manager of the Walter Savidge Company, one the largest shows in the western part of the Midwest, which was playing there. It traveled the circuit in its own 15-car train. In 1928, he organized his own company with headquarters in De Kalb, Illinois and played circuits in Illinois and Iowa. The Blaine Whipple Players toured Iowa the 1929 season and in January 1930, when the country entered what was known as THE GREAT DEPRESSION, he assumed management of the Martin Messenger in Martin, Bennett County, South Dakota.

Bennett County located in the southwestern part of the state was created in 1911. Martin was considered a “frontier town.” U.S. Highway 18 ran east to west and state Highway 63 north to south. Neither were graveled. It had no water or sewer system, telephone exchange, library or train or bus service. It did have a private power company, a graveled main street, and the only high school in the county with over 100 students. Homes and businesses had their own wells, a public well operated by a windmill was on the Court House property. The Deputy State Fire Marshall called Martin the “poorest equipped town for its size west of the Missouri river.”
Martin’s population was 703. It was adjacent to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (Lakota Sioux) with a population of approximately 8,000 adults and 2,300 school children.

The title of one of his early Editorials was NO HARD TIMES HERE. He wrote: There is a nationwide fear that businesses may take a decided slump during the next few months but doubted the depression would impact Martin. He said the town had never had a boom so it shouldn’t expect a bust. He said business might slow but didn’t expect townspeople would suffer. Calling the community remarkably stable, he predicted that Bennett county residents would not suffer hard times.

He must have believed what he wrote because he left the Messenger and launched a competing paper, The Bennett County News, April 24, 1930. He won the support of the merchants and published it until launching the Underwood News in Underwood, N. Dakota July 28, 1932. Underwood’s population was 488 but it was on the Soo Line Railroad and had a group of progressive merchants who understood the importance of a weekly newspaper.

Underwood had electric and telephone service but no public water or sewer system. Their home had a wood-burning range, kitchen sink with a hand water pump, slop bucket under the sink, ice box, laundry bench and large metal wash tubs. There was a coal burning furnace with one heat vent to the dining room (no heat at all on the second level), a well and pump outside, and a two-seat outhouse. A chamber pot, used at night, was under the beds.

The newspaper was an immediate success. He organized a Merchant’s Association, was instrumental in bringing “talking” pictures to town, opened a library in the newspaper office (books could be checkout for 2 cents and kept for two weeks), and championed every cause he believed would advance the town. He was elected Justice of the Peace and supported the Non Partisan League, the more progressive branch of the Republican Party. He became a confidant of Gov. William Langer, who in 1936, appointed him State Printer of North Dakota.

In addition to the worst worldwide depression ever known, the Whipples lived through years of drought, dust storms, and grasshopper plagues. The hottest, coldest, and driest year in North Dakota history was 1936. Only 8.3 inches of rain fell and millions of grasshoppers arrived. The sky was so filled with them that streetlights had to be turned on at mid day. School was cancelled because of dust storms, not snow storms. Car headlights couldn’t penetrate the murk.

World War II brought rationing. Each family received War Ration Book full of stamps based on family size. The stamps were color coded and assigned points. The purchase of rationed goods was limited by the number of stamps and the time designated in which to spend them. Red stamps (each family member received 16 a week) were for meats, butter, fats, oils, and cheese. Blue stamps (48 points a month) were for canned, bottled foods, fruits and vegetables, dry beans, peas, lentils, etc., and processed foods – soups, baby food, baked beans, ketchup, chili sauce, etc. White stamps were for flour, bread, and sugar. Miscellaneous stamps were issued for shoes, tires, and fuel. Four stickers were used for gasoline rationing. Non essential drivers received “A” Stickers good for three or four gallons a week. Essential drivers – deemed to be essential for the war effort – got green “B” Stickers, good for eight gallon a week. “C” Stickers (red) were for physicians, ministers, mail carriers, and railroad workers. The “T” Sticker was for truckers and had no limit. To replace a tire required a trip to the Ration Board for a form that had to be certified by two garages that the tire could not be repaired. Rationing ended in 1946.

During Blaine’s lifetime, the country established the Civil Service Commission, adopted Standard Time, regulated railroads, dedicated the Statute of Liberty, annexed the Hawaiian Islands, celebrated the first transcontinental air flight, and twice declared war on Germany. The Boy and Girl Scouts were founded, the Federal Reserve Act signed into law, the woman’s suffrage amendment passed, Charles Lindbergh flew solo across the Atlantic, and talking movies were invented. Tennessee prohibited the teaching of evolution, Indians were given citizenship, the Star-Spangled Banner was adopted as our national anthem, Congress abandoned the Gold Standard, and the Social Security Act adopted. The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Marshall Plan was adopted, the Korean War began, the first atomic submarine Nautilus was launched, and the Supreme Court ruled segregated schools unconstitutional. In addition, during Pearl’s lifetime, the Civil Rights Commission was created, the first U.S. satellite launched, a Nuclear Test Ban Treaty was signed, Americans walked on the moon, and the first woman, Sandra Day O’Connor, was appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court. [119 pages; 472 endnotes.]

Chapter 17. Robert “Blaine” [1930-] and Ines Mae (Peterson, 1929-) Whipple. Known by his middle name as an adult, Blaine was a newspaper reporter, advertising salesman, real estate broker and active in Oregon and National Democratic politics. Like his grandfather James E. and great grandfather Lucien R., he served in the military spending 45 months in the U.S. Navy during the Korean War. He was also the first in his family to earn an advanced University degree when he was awarded a Master of Science degree by the University of Oregon in 1959. His Bachelor of Arts degree was awarded by the University of Minnesota. He also attended the University of Mississippi where he was involved in the cause of equal education for Negroes before the Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954.

During his youth he worked as a printer’s devil, on a grain farm, a cattle ranch, and a dairy farm. Following high school he worked at Yellowstone National Park, a Dude Ranch in Palm Springs, California, and Yosemite National Park. An enlisted man, he served in Tacoma, Washington, Pearl Harbor, and the Barber’s Point Naval Air Station, both in the Territory of Hawaii, as a journalist. He attended the Universities of Minnesota and Oregon on the G.I. Bill of Rights. He was a graduate assistant in the School of Journalism at Oregon.

He began his political career in August 1958 managing the re-election campaign of Congressman Charles O. Porter in Oregon’s fourth district. In 1960 he began a two-year stint as executive secretary of the Democratic Party of Oregon, was the Democratic nominee for Congress in the first district in 1962 and 1964, chairman of Oregon McCarthy for President Committee in 1968 and the Oregon McGovern for President Committee in 1972. He attended Democratic National Nominating Conventions in 1960, 1968, 1972, and 1976, chairing the Oregon delegation in 1972. He was a member of the Democratic National Committee 1968-1976 and an Oregon State Senator 1975-1979. He was personally acquainted with Presidents John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Jimmy Carter and Vice President Hubert Humphrey and closely associated with Senator Wayne Morse of Oregon. He was elected to school boards, water boards, fire boards, and emergency medical service boards. He worked as a commercial real estate broker and seminar instructor, was vice president of a major construction company, and a real estate investor. Details of these activities are included in the book His life span has included 13 presidents from Herbert Hoover, 31st to George W. Bush, 43rd. [183 pages; 336 endnotes.]

Chapter 18. Blaine “Scott” Whipple [1968-] and Lorna Jo Zoerink [1966-] Whipple. Known by his middle name, Scott was graduated from Iowa’s Grinnell College with a major in economics and earned a law degree from the University of Oregon. Prior to becoming an attorney, he was a bank trust officer in Chicago and a insurance company underwriter in Portland. He is the managing partner of the law firm Whipple & Duyck in Portland and is licensed to practice law in Oregon and Washington and the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. His law speciality is complex business litigation. [29 pages; 10 endnotes.]

History Appendixes. Appendix One. Whipple English Records from 1397 to 1663. The source of these records is Abstracts of English Records, Gathered Principally in Devonshire and Essex, a book privately published in Boston in 1929. Only 150 copies of the book, edited by Mary Lovering Holman and George R. Marvin, were published. It was not copyrighted because the editors “desired that the material . . . be freely used.” Two research reports (1988 and 1990) by Debrett Ancestry Research Limited of Hampshire, England seeking the ancestry of Capt. John Whipple of Dorchester, Mass. and Providence, R.I. complete this Appendix.

Appendix Two includes the last will and testament of Matthew Whipple of Ipswich, 1647, the inventory of his estate, the sale of his property to John Annibal, his son-in-law. The last will and testament of Jonathan Whipple, 1755, and Francis Whipple,1783, both of Westborough, Worcester, Co., Mass.

Appendix Four. Lists Whipple Soldiers and Sailors who served in the Revolutionary War and includes biographies of General William Whipple, New Hampshire Signer of the Declaration of Independence, and Commodore Abraham Whipple of the Continental Navy and resident of Rhode Island.

Appendix Eight. Biographies of Elder John Whipple of Ipswich, Mass. and John Whipple of Dorchester, Mass. These biographies are included to assist beginning Whipple researchers who become confused when finding records of two John Whipples in Massachusetts as early as the 1630s.

Appendix Ten. The Proposed Ancestors of Matthew Whipple, Clothier, of Bocking, England by Dr. William Wyman Fiske. Readers are cautioned that specific evidence does not confirm the proposed lineage.

Genealogy. Volumes two and three. [1855 pages; 15,099 endnotes.]

Sources, in the form of endnotes are included for virtually everyone. Many sources are family historians who responded to my request for contributions to the project. Sources are both primary and secondary.

Generations one, two, and three are the English-born Whipples plus Joseph, the first born in New England. Succeeding generations include Matthew, Jr’s American-born descendants. The fifteenth generation includes their children so the genealogy actually includes sixteen generations. Source endnotes follow each generation.

Genealogy Appendix Two. New England descendants of Rev. Francis Dane and Edmund Faulkner, both of Andover, Massachusetts. Faulkner was one of the founders of Andover and Dane was its minister for over 48 years. I descend from both through Abigail Lamson, wife of Francis Whipple. Included are 26 members of the extended Dane family accused of witchcraft in 1692, including Abigail (Dane) Faulkner. Her indictment, transcript of her examination, depositions against her, verdict, death sentence, and reversal of attainder are in the book.

Appendix Three. Descendants of Thomas Crosby born in York Co. England ca 1510 and his descendants. His great grandson Simon was the first Crosby in New England. The genealogy ends with Hepzibah Crobsy of the eighth generation who married Benjamin Whipple my fourth great grandfather in Westborough, Massachusetts in 1749.

Appendix Ten. Ipswich, Massachusetts Whipple Vital Records: Births, Marriages, and Deaths to the end of 1849. Source endnotes follow each Appendix.

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